How climate change is impacting food production : a focus on maize

Maize, also known as "corn," is one of the most adaptable developing income crops, allowing it to thrive in a variety of climates. It is known as the "Queen of Cereals" over the world. After wheat and rice, maize or corn is India's third most important food cash crop. Maize or corn can be grown in a wide range of soil types, from clay loam to sand loamy to black cotton soil. Soils with high water holding capacity and high organic matter content should be considered for improved maize yields.

On numerous continents this summer, more evidence of climate change's influence on humanity's ability to produce abundant and nutritious food appeared. Swarms of locusts are devouring crops across huge regions of East Africa and Southwest Asia, threatening food supply. The locusts are being triggered by abnormally high rainfall.

Climate change is the connecting thread, either causing or exacerbating these dreadful conditions and wreaking havoc on food security, livelihoods, and human health. Many of our food systems are being strained to breaking point as the world suffers increasingly severe climatic impacts on agricultural production. In a nutshell, climate change threatens food production.

Due to intense heat, harsh weather, and droughts, maize, and other crop yields have been dropping in several countries. According to some predictions, worldwide yields might drop by up to 30% by 2050 if appropriate adaptation is not implemented. Countries already struggling with violence, pollution, deforestation, and other issues are likely to bear the brunt of these consequences. 

The 2 billion people who already don't have enough food, such as smallholder farmers and other poor people, would be the hardest hurt. According to a recent NASA research published in Nature Food, climate change might have an influence on corn and wheat productivity as early as 2030 in high greenhouse gas emissions scenarios.

Corn yields are predicted to fall by 24%, while wheat yields are expected to rise by roughly 17%.Temperature isn't the only factor models increment while recreating future harvest yields. Increased levels of carbon dioxide in the environment emphatically affect photosynthesis and water maintenance, expanding crop yields, however frequently at an expense for sustenance.

This impact happens more so for wheat than maize, which is even more precisely caught in the ongoing age of models. Increasing worldwide temperatures likewise relate to changes in precipitation designs, and the recurrence and length of hotness waves and dry seasons, which can influence crop wellbeing and efficiency.

Higher temperatures additionally influence the length of developing seasons and speed up crop development. The environmental changes that strike Earth are perceived to have tremendous impacts both helpful and unfavorable on rural area. Going against the norm, agricultural industry additionally adds to the environmental change, for the most part inferable from the ozone harming substance outflows. Therefore, alleviation and transformation approaches must be taken to manage this issue.